Microbiome

What is microbiome? The microbiome is composed of communities of bacteria (and fungi and viruses).

Human gut contains an estimated 100 trillion microbes, which comprised of up to a 1000 different species, weighing as much as 1-2 kg. The number of gut microbiome surpasses the number of human cells, and the number of unique protein-encoding genes of microbiome is about 100 times as much as the entire human genome. Recent advances in genome sequencing technologies have contributed the development in our understanding of the function of gut microbiome. Scientists have found each of these microbiome plays an important role not only in digestion, but also in immune system, brain, weight and many other aspects of health. In fact, humans are even hard to survive without the gut microbiome.

What is the beneficial aspect of microbiome?

Studies have shown the association of microbiome with not only digestive diseases such as colon cancer or ulcerative colitis, but also other diseases such as diabetes, autoimmune diseases or cognitive disorders. Recent study also shows the therapeutic potential of gut microbiome. Targeted antibiotics against certain microbiota, taking probiotics and prebiotics for selective expansion of beneficial microbiota, and fecal transplantation from healthy population to restore healthy microbiome are suggested as efficient strategies for treating diseases associated with gut microbiome imbalance.

Gut microbiome and erectile function

Recent cross-sectional study surveyed in 408 men in Japan showed a possible association of gut microbiome with erectile function. With tag sequencing of the 16S rRNA gene in fecal samples, they showed the relative decrease of Alistipes (related with anti-inflammation) and the relative increase of Clostridium XVIII (related with bowel movement) in the group with erectile disfunction. Though the causal relationship between the gut microbiome and erectile disfunction has yet to be determined, this study indicates the possible beneficial effect in erectile function by improving gut microbiome.

Microbiome analysis

In collaboration with Freiburg Medical Laboratory, we are providing comprehensive gut biome analysis, called “myBIOME” powered by MICROBA.

What you can get from myBIOME?

In addition to the percentages of important species of bacteria, you can get a comprehensive analysis of your gut biome.

These include but are not limited to;

  • Inflammatory potential
  • Prone to be obesity and diabetes
  • Cardiovascular disease risk
  • Prone to kidney stones
  • Prone to depression or anxiety
  • Erectile function as mentioned above

You may also get diet recommendations, to increase or decrease certain species of bacteria.

What is the limitation of the microbiome analysis?

However, we also have to refer to the limitation of the microbiome analysis.

These include;

  • Instability of the individual’s microbiome
  • Inter- and intrasubject variability
  • Diet can induce changes in the microbiome
  • No standardization between laboratories
  • Clinically relevant diagnostic is still in the research phase

Upon understanding these limitations, it is important to follow the advice/recommendations of the report, especially when your symptoms/diseases correspond to the microbiome analysis.

マイクロバイオーム(腸内微生物叢)とは?

マイクロバイオームは、細菌(および真菌とウイルス)のコミュニティで構成されています。人間の腸には推定100兆個の微生物が含まれており、その微生物は最大1000の異なる種で構成され、重さは1〜2kgにもなります。腸内細菌叢の数はヒト細胞の数を上回り、微生物叢のユニークなタンパク質をコードする遺伝子の数は、ヒトゲノム全体の約100倍です。ゲノムシーケンシング技術の最近の進歩は、腸内細菌叢の機能の理解の発展に貢献しています。科学者たちは、これらのマイクロバイオームのそれぞれが消化だけでなく、免疫系、脳、体重、その他多くの健康面でも重要な役割を果たしていることを発見しました。実際、人間は腸内細菌叢なしでは生存することさえ困難です。

マクロバイオームの有益な側面は何ですか?

研究によると、微生物叢は、結腸癌や潰瘍性大腸炎などの消化器疾患だけでなく、糖尿病、自己免疫疾患、認知障害などの他の疾患とも関連していることが示されています。最近の研究では、腸内細菌叢による疾患治療の可能性も示されています。腸内細菌叢の不均衡に関連する疾患を治療するための効率的な戦略として、特定の微生物叢に対する標的抗生物質、有益な微生物叢の選択的拡大のためのプロバイオティクスとプレバイオティクスの摂取、および健康な集団からの糞便移植による健康な微生物叢の復元が提案されています。

腸内細菌叢と勃起機能

日本の408人の男性を対象に調査された最近の横断研究は、腸内細菌叢と勃起機能との関連の可能性を示しました。 糞便サンプル中の16SrRNA遺伝子のタグシーケンスにより、勃起不全のグループでAlistipes(抗炎症に関連)の相対的な減少とClostridium XVIII(排便に関連)の相対的な増加が示されました。 腸内細菌叢と勃起不全との因果関係はまだ解明されていませんが、この研究は腸内細菌叢を改善することによって勃起機能に有益な効果がもたらされる可能性を示しています。

マイクロバイオーム分析

当院では、Freiburg Medical Laboratoryと協力して、MICROBAを搭載した「myBIOME」と呼ばれる包括的な腸内細菌分析を提供しています。

myBIOMEから何が得られますか?

重要な細菌種の割合に加えて、腸内細菌の包括的な分析を行うことができます。

これらには以下が含まれますが、これらに限定されません。

  • 炎症の可能性
  • 肥満や糖尿病になりやすい
  • 心血管疾患のリスク
  • 腎臓結石を起こしやすい
  • うつ病や不安神経症になりやすい
  • 上記の勃起機能など

特定の種類のバクテリアを増減させるために、食事療法の推奨事項を取得することもできます。

マイクロバイオーム分析の限界は何ですか?

ただし、マイクロバイオーム分析の限界についても言及する必要があります。

これらには以下が含まれます。

  • 個人の微生物叢の不安定性
  • 被験者間および被験者内の変動性
  • 食事はマイクロバイオームの変化を引き起こす可能性があります
  • 検査機関間での基準値は定まっていません
  • 臨床診断への応用はまだ研究段階です

これらの制限を理解した上で、自覚症状や疾患がマイクロバイオーム分析の結果と相関している場合は、レポートのアドバイス/推奨事項を遵守することが薦められます。

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